共患不宁腿综合征对偏头痛患者情绪和睡眠的影响

Influence of restless legs syndrome on emotion and sleep in patients with migraine

摘要:

目的 探讨偏头痛患者的不宁腿综合征（RLS）的发病率及其对情绪和睡眠的影响。方法 对200例偏头痛患者（偏头痛组）和100名正常成人（对照组）进行RLS发病率、严重程度、睡眠质量和焦虑及抑郁程度评分，比较偏头痛人群与对照组之间的差异。并对共患有RLS的偏头痛患者的情绪和睡眠情况进行分析。结果 成人慢性偏头痛组的RLS发病率（16.25%）较对照组（5%）高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；发作性偏头痛组的RLS发病率（12.5%）与对照组（5%）比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。共患RLS的偏头痛患者较单纯偏头痛者的睡眠质量差、焦虑及抑郁评分高，差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。头痛频率及RLS为抑郁、焦虑及睡眠障碍的影响因素（均P>0.05）。偏头痛患者的汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评分、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）评分及匹茨堡睡眠质量量表（PSQI）评分与国际RLS评估量表（IRLS）的相关系数分别为r_HAMD=0.397、r_HAMA=0.434和r_PSQI=0.500；RLS严重程度与抑郁、焦虑及睡眠障碍的严重程度呈正相关关系（均P<0.05）。结论 慢性偏头痛患者的RLS发病率更高，且RLS症状更严重。RLS的严重程度与抑郁、焦虑和睡眠障碍程度呈正相关关系。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the incidence rate of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients with migraine and the influence of RLS on emotion and sleep.Methods A total of 200 patients with migraine were enrolled as migraine group, and 100 healthy adults were enrolled as control group. The incidence rate and severity of RLS, sleep quality, and anxiety and depression scores were evaluated and compared between the two groups. The emotion and sleep of migraine patients with RLS were also assessed.Results The chronic migraine group had a significantly higher incidence rate of RLS than the control group (16.25% vs 5%, P<0.05), and the episodic migraine group had a higher incidence rate than the control group (12.5% vs 5%, P>0.05). The patients with migraine and RLS had significantly poorer sleep quality and significantly higher anxiety and depression scores compared with those with migraine alone (all P<0.05). The frequency of headache and RLS were influencing factors for depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders (all P<0.05). In the patients with migraine, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) score, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) score, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score were positively correlated with International Restless Legs Scale score (r_HAMD=0.397, r_HAMA=0.434, r_PSQI=0.500, all P<0.05). The severity of RLS was positively correlated with the severity of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders (all P<0.05).Conclusions Patients with chronic migraine have a higher incidence rate of RLS and more severe symptoms of RLS compared with those with episodic migraine, and the severity of RLS is positively correlated with the severity of anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders.