单核细胞增生性李斯特菌脑膜炎免疫应答机制的研究进展

Research advances in immune response mechanism of Listeria monocytogenes meningitis

摘要:

李斯特菌脑膜炎是单核细胞增生性李斯特菌感染引起的脑膜炎，具有极高的致死率。对李斯特菌病的发病机制的研究目前主要集中在细菌如何跨肠道屏障、胎盘屏障方面。而免疫学机制及炎症通路有待表征。研究发现在感染早期宿主就能识别细菌DNA启动先天性免疫反应，随后引起相应靶细胞分泌炎症因子启动适应性免疫反应。该文从固有性免疫、适应性免疫反应、补体系统等方面综述了单核细胞增生性李斯特脑膜炎发病机制的研究进展。

Abstract:

Listeria monocytogenes meningitis is caused by infection with Listeria monocytogenes and has a high mortality rate. The research on the pathogenesis of listeriosis is currently focused on how the bacteria cross the intestinal barrier and the placental barrier; however, the specific immunological mechanisms and inflammatory pathways involved in the crossing of the blood-brain barrier need to be characterized. The current studies have shown that the host can recognize bacterial DNA and initiate innate immune response in the early stage of infection and then cause the corresponding target cells to secrete inflammatory factors to initiate adaptive immune response. This article summarizes the research advances in the pathogenesis of Listeria monocytogenes meningitis from the aspects of innate immunity, adaptive immune response, and complement system.