早发性与晚发性阿尔茨海默病的多模态影像学研究进展

Advances in multimodal imaging studies of early-onset and late-onset Alzheimer's disease

摘要:

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是最常见的神经系统退行性疾病，其特征是以记忆为主的进行性认知功能损害。根据发病年龄可分为早发性AD（EOAD）和晚发性AD（LOAD），二者在临床进程和神经病理学方面存在差异。近年来，多种影像学技术和新型示踪剂的开发促进了AD影像学生物标志物的出现，为深入了解EOAD和LOAD的影像学特征提供了依据。该文旨在对EOAD和LOAD的磁共振成像、单光子发射计算机断层扫描、正电子发射断层扫描的多模态影像学研究进展进行总结，探讨两种类型AD的影像学特征与区别。

Abstract:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disease, which is characterized by progressive impairment of cognitive functions, especially memory. According to the age of onset, AD is further classified into early-onset AD (EOAD) and late-onset AD (LOAD), between which there are substantial differences in clinical progression and neuropathology. In recent years, the development of multimodal imaging technology and various new tracers has promoted the identification of imaging biomarkers of AD, which provides a basis for further understanding of imaging features of EOAD and LOAD. This article provides an overview of research advances in multimodal imaging studies of EOAD and LOAD by magnetic resonance imaging, single-photon emission computed tomography, and positron emission tomography, and also explores potential differences in imaging features between the two types of AD.