大脑淋巴系统的概览及临床意义

An overview of cerebral lymphatic system and its clinical significance

摘要:

传统观念认为大脑是"免疫豁免"器官，对病原体和肿瘤的免疫监视有限。随着研究的逐渐深入，神经学家在中枢神经系统（CNS）中窥探到淋巴系统的踪迹。最近的几项研究证实了脑膜淋巴管的存在，并对其进行了初步描述。脑淋巴管解剖结构和功能的明确，揭开了颅内流体动力学的大致全貌，解答了临床中许多疑问。更重要的是，这些发现为神经系统相关疾病的治疗开辟了新的途径。该文通过回顾中枢淋巴网络的研究历史，总结出大脑组织液（ISF）和脑脊液（CSF）的循环过程，并简要介绍了该淋巴系统在多种疾病的病理生理过程及治疗中的意义。

Abstract:

Neuroscientists traditionally view brain as a kind of "immune immunity" organ, and the immune surveillance of the central nervous system functions against pathogens and tumors insufficiently. However, with the in-depth study of the lymphatic network, neuroscientists seem to find traces of the lymphatic system in the central nervous system. Several recent studies have corroborated the existence of lymphatic vessels in the brain and have given a preliminary description of them. The anatomical structure and function of brain lymphatic vessels show us the overall perspective of intracranial fluid dynamics, and address multiple clinical problems. More importantly, these findings open new avenues up for the treatment of central nervous system-related diseases. By reviewing the history of cerebral lymphatic network researches, this review summarizes the circulation process of brain interstitial fluid and cerebrospinal fluid. Herein, we briefly introduce the role of this lymphatic system in the pathophysiological process and treatment of various central nervous system-related diseases.