脑机接口联合电刺激用于脊髓损伤后康复治疗的研究进展

Research advances in brain-computer interfaces combined with electrical stimulation in rehabilitation treatment after spinal cord injury

摘要:

脊髓损伤（SCI）是一种低发病率、高致残性的疾病。基于中枢神经系统在运动技能的获得、保留和巩固过程中自我重组的能力，SCI后干预的重点主要在于运动功能恢复（包括行走能力和肢体功能）、功能性神经康复和生活质量的改善。脑机接口（BCI）和电刺激技术单独用于SCI后都有不错的研究进展。该文涉及这些先进技术的整合，其中可植入的BCI提供了具有增加空间分辨率的神经记录能力，并且已经将复杂的神经解码算法和能力越来越强的电刺激技术相结合，以推进朝着更好改善SCI患者预后的方向努力，同时为后续的研究提供一定参考和理论支持。

Abstract:

Spinal cord injury （SCI） is a condition with a low incidence rate and a high disability rate. Based on the ability of the central nervous system to reorganize itself during the acquisition， retention， and consolidation of motor skills， post-SCI interventions mainly focus on the recovery of motor function （including walking ability and limb function）， functional neurological rehabilitation， and the improvement of quality of life. Both brain-computer interfaces （BCI） and electrical stimulation techniques have achieved great advances when used alone after SCI. This article discusses the integration of these advanced techniques； implantable BCI provide neural recording capabilities with increased spatial resolution and have combined complex neural decoding algorithms with increasingly powerful electrical stimulation techniques， in order to better improve the prognosis of SCI patients and provide a certain reference and theoretical support for subsequent research.