脊髓融合术修复脊髓损伤的策略与进展

Strategies and advances in spinal cord fusion for spinal cord injury repair

摘要:

脊髓损伤（SCI）是一种高度致残的中枢神经系统损伤，属于世界性临床医学难题。脊髓的再生能力低、神经可塑性差，SCI后囊性空洞和胶质瘢痕阻断神经传导，SCI修复难度大，目前临床上尚无SCI的有效治疗方法。“脊髓融合术”是一项修复SCI的新技术，其主要通过融合剂、锋利的刀和电刺激加速神经融合及修复进程，促进神经轴突再生、重组完整的神经传导环路，最终达到修复SCI相应功能的目的。该文回顾了历年SCI相关研究，对“脊髓融合术”的内涵、重要研究进展及神经学机制进行综述并探讨，旨在助力早日攻克SCI修复难题，希望能为SCI截瘫治疗带来新的突破。

Abstract:

Spinal cord injury （SCI） is a highly disabling central nervous system injury， posing a significant global challenge in clinical medicine. The spinal cord exhibits limited regenerative capabilities and diminished neuroplasticity， and the formation of cystic cavities and glial scars subsequent to SCI obstruct nerve conduction， leading to the great difficulties in SCI repair， while at present， there is still a lack of effective treatment methods for SCI in clinical practice. Spinal cord fusion is an emerging technique for SCI repair and can accelerate nerve fusion and repair through fusion agents， a sharp knife， and electrical stimulation， promote the regeneration of nerve axons， and reconstruct the complete nerve conduction circuit， thereby achieving the ultimate goal of restoring the function of SCI. This article reviews the studies on SCI in the past years and discusses the connotation， important research advances， and neurological mechanism of spinal cord fusion， in order to overcome the difficulties in SCI repair as soon as possible and bring new breakthroughs for the treatment of paraplegia after SCI.