低分子肝素钙联合间歇性空气波压力治疗对脑血管造影后深静脉血栓形成的预防效果

Effect of low-molecular-weight heparin calcium combined with intermittent pneumatic compression in preventing deep vein thrombosis after cerebral angiography

摘要:

目的 探究低分子肝素钙联合间歇性空气波压力治疗（IPC）对脑血管造影后深静脉血栓形成（DVT）的预防效果。方法 选取成都市双流区第一人民医院2022年6月至2023年12月收治的需要接受脑血管造影且符合中风险奥塔深静脉血栓量表评分要求的160例患者作为观察对象。将160例患者随机分为对照组（80例）与治疗组（80例）：对照组仅使用IPC进行干预，治疗组在对照组基础上联合注射低分子肝素钙干预。治疗后第30天观察DVT情况，比较两组患者双下肢股静脉血流速度、血液常规检查、下肢功能评分、术后DVT发生率以及不良反应事件。结果 脑血管造影后治疗组的DVT发生率低于对照组（P<0.05）。干预后治疗组双下肢股静脉血流速度均高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗组下肢功能评分显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后两组患者的血浆纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体和血小板均下降（P<0.05），且治疗组改善程度优于对照组（P<0.05）。未观察到严重不良反应事件。结论 低分子肝素钙联合IPC在脑血管造影后DVT治疗中能明显调节血液生化指标水平，促进下肢股静脉血流，改善下肢功能，预防效果良好。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effect of low-molecular-weight heparin calcium combined with intermittent pneumatic compression （IPC） in preventing deep venous thrombosis （DVT） after cerebral angiography.Methods A total of 160 patients who were admitted to The First People's Hospital of Shuangliu District from June 2022 to December 2023 were enrolled as subjects， and all patients required cerebral angiography and met the criteria for moderate-risk score on the Autar DVT scale. The patients were randomly divided into control group and treatment group， with 80 patients in each group. The patients in the control group received IPC alone， and those in the treatment group received injection of low-molecular-weight heparin calcium in addition to the treatment in the control group. DVT was observed on day 30 after treatment， and the two groups were compared in terms of blood flow velocity of femoral veins in both lower limbs， routine blood tests， lower limb function score， the incidence rate of DVT after surgery， and adverse events.Results The treatment group had a significantly lower incidence rate of DVT after cerebral angiography than the control group （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group after treatment， the treatment group had a significantly higher blood flow velocity of femoral veins in both lower limbs （P<0.05）. After treatment， the treatment group had a significantly higher lower limb function score than the control group （P<0.05）. After treatment， both groups had significant reductions in the levels of plasma fibrinogen， D-dimer， and platelets （P<0.05）， and the treatment group had significantly better improvements than the control group （P<0.05）. No serious adverse events were observed.Conclusions Low-molecular-weight heparin calcium combined with IPC can significantly regulate the levels of blood factors， promote femoral vein blood flow in lower limbs， and improve lower limb function， thereby showing a good effect in preventing DVT after cerebral angiography.