中老年颅内动脉瘤患者血管内治疗后外出障碍潜在类别剖面分析

Latent class profile analysis of barriers to going out after endovascular treatment in middle-aged and elderly patients with intracranial aneurysms

摘要:

目的 探讨中老年颅内动脉瘤患者血管内治疗（EVT）后外出障碍的潜在类别剖面特征及其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法，选取2019年1月—2024年12月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇一医院收治的116例中老年颅内动脉瘤EVT后患者为研究对象。使用一般资料问卷、外出障碍量表、运动锻炼自我效能量表（ESES）、心理痛苦温度计（DT）、社会支持量表进行调查。采用潜在剖面分析对外出障碍进行分类，并运用多元Logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果 中老年颅内动脉瘤患者EVT后外出障碍存在3种潜在剖面，分别是高外出障碍-安全感缺失型（22例，占19%）、中外出障碍-社交关系欠缺型（63例，占54%）、低外出障碍型（31例，占27%）。多元Logistic分析结果显示，住房类型、ESES得分、DT得分和社会支持程度是不同剖面中老年颅内动脉瘤患者EVT后外出障碍的影响因素（均P<0.05）。结论 中老年颅内动脉瘤患者EVT后外出障碍存在异质性，可划分为3种具有不同特征的潜在类别。住房类型、ESES得分、DT得分及社会支持程度是其主要影响因素，临床应据此制订针对性干预策略。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the latent class profile characteristics and influencing factors for barriers to going out after endovascular treatment （EVT） in middle-aged and elderly patients with intracranial aneurysms.Methods A total of 116 middle-aged and elderly patients with intracranial aneurysms after EVT in the 901st Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army from January 2019 to December 2024 were selected as the research subjects by the convenience sampling method. General information questionnaire， scale on barriers to going out， exercise self-efficacy scale （ESES）， distress thermometer （DT）， and social support scale were used for investigation. Latent profile analysis was used to classify barriers to going out， and multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of each category.Results There were three latent profiles of post-EVT barriers to going out in middle-aged and elderly patients with intracranial aneurysms， namely high barriers to going out-insecurity （n=22， 19%）， moderate barriers to going out-social relationship deficiency （n=63， 54%）， low barriers to going out （n=31， 27%）. The results of multinomial logistic analysis showed that housing type， ESES score， DT score， and social support degree were influencing factors for barriers to going out after EVT in middle-aged and elderly patients with intracranial aneurysms in different profiles （all P<0.05）.Conclusions There is heterogeneity in post-EVT barriers to going out in middle-aged and elderly patients with intracranial aneurysms， which can be divided into three latent categories with different characteristics. Housing type， exercise self-efficacy， psychological distress level， and social support degree are the main influencing factors， and clinical intervention strategies should be formulated accordingly.