创伤性脑损伤的动物模型研究进展裴洁 徐东刚

Research progress in animal models of traumatic brain injury

摘要:

近年来创伤性脑损伤（traumatic brain injury，TBI）发病率逐步攀升，许多临床前有效的治疗方法在实际应用中疗效不显著，因此精准诊断和有效治疗是目前的难点。TBI产生原因、病理变化及致病机制十分复杂，借助动物模型模拟疾病发生和发展过程是研究TBI的有效方法，而合适的病理动物模型的选择是关键。既往已有多种动物模型用来模拟人类TBI的发生和病情进展，不同TBI动物模型各有特点，其中啮齿类动物模型应用最为广泛。本文聚焦创伤性脑损伤的几种常见鼠类动物模型，梳理了近年来这些模型的建立、优化和应用情况，以期为TBI的机制和新治疗策略研究提供借鉴。

Abstract:

In recent years, the incidence rate of traumatic brain injury (TBI) has gradually increased, and many pre-clinical effective treatment methods are not effective in practical application. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and effective treatment are the current difficulties. The causes, pathological changes, and pathogenic mechanisms of TBI are very complex. Using animal models to simulate the process of disease occurrence and development represents an effective method for studying TBI, and the selection of appropriate pathological animal models is crucial. There have been numerous animal models used in the past to simulate the occurrence and progression of human TBI, and different TBI animal models have their own characteristics, with rodent models being the most widely used. This article focuses on several conventional murine animal models of traumatic brain injury, and reviews the establishment, optimization, and application of these models in recent years, in order to provide reference for the mechanism and new treatment strategies of TBI.